Feminism Is An Individual Word With One Meaning - 1010 Words

The word is feminism. People believe feminism is just an individual word with one meaning. Feminism is not the face of one sex, sexuality, race, or culture. There are a variety of feminist groups that are targeting different views, but with the same potential goal, equality. We should acknowledge feminism because we live in a patriarchy society, which consists men hold the positions of power. A writer for Huffington Post stated that feminism is, â€Å"The purpose is to create a society of equal say, to provide people with the freedom of choice, rather than limited choices of assumption.† (Cavanagh, â€Å"Why We Still Need Feminism†) Most men are too focused about feminism being sexism and women are not choosing to identify themselves as feminist,†¦show more content†¦The third phase of feminism continued what the second-wave did not finish. It began in the mid-1990s and continuing into the present. This phase focuses on the body, racism and race, culture, labor , abortion, welfare rights, sexuality, division, disability, domestic violence, and harassment. Today, men and women identify themselves as a feminist. Even more, women want equality, but do not want to be identified as feminist. Who needs feminism? Most people believe that only straight men and women needs feminism. Lesbians, bisexuals, gays, and transsexuals, or the â€Å"LGBT† community needs feminism. It is not fair to exclude them, especially when they experience the same. They are also targeted when it comes to relationships such as, marriage equality and gender roles. Today, men argue that feminism is sexism. Sexism is the discrimination towards the other sex. Also it means unfair treatment or judgments because of their sex. Most men believe that women want more power and that it is injustice. John Haltiwanger states that, â€Å"Feminism is a term that makes most men very uncomfortable. They see it as an attack on their masculinity, and an affront to their very way of life.†(Haltiwanger, â€Å"I Am A Man and I Need Feminism†). What they do not realize is, that they are victims. Most men are victims of physical abuse and sex crime. They feel insecure about themselves when

Essay about Emma in Jane Austens Emma - 731 Words

Emma in Jane Austens Emma For the greater part of the book, Emma is allowed a much greater level of social and moral freedom than any other character in the book. As the opening chapter has it, the real evils of Emmas situation were having rather too much her own way. For Austen, the use of the word evil is not as a throwaway term, it is meant to give a very strong impression of how the heroine is trapped by her freedom into becoming arrogant and interfering. Emma indulges herself considerably, her response to learning of how disastrous her attempt at making a match between Harriet and Mr Elton is immediately to think of a match between Harriet and William Cox and although she stopped to†¦show more content†¦It could be argued that Austen is simply to fond of her Handsome, clever and rich creation. It may also be that the annoying traits of the other characters serve to highlight the fact that Emmas weaknesses are considerably deeper than those many of her companions display. Emma is the victim of pride, and proof of this is the extent to which this rubs of on Harriet. In Emmas own thoughts If Harriet, from being humble, had grown vain, it was her own fault. According to the Christian moral values held by Jane Austen, Pride and Vanity were the sources of all the other deadly sins. It was through pride, after all that Lucifer fell. Emma too can be seen as an angel being condemned for her arrogance. Just after her hurtful remark at Box Hill, she is described by Knightly as guiding the opinion of many of those present. She has a certain power and prestige that she abuses, in ding so reveals herself, at least in the eyes of Austen to be beyond mockery and instead deserving of remonstrance and Knightly describes his lecture. The apparent indulgence with which Emma is treated by Austen does serve one very important purpose in the novel. It allows her to make a fool of herself at regular intervals and through doing so to improve, if rather slowly, her character. Austen provides a powerful insight into the process of self-improvement. Emma does not experienceShow MoreRelated Jane Austens Emma Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austens Emma Jane Austen does indeed present a picture of a community who look to each other for entertainment as well as support, and are content with their limited outlook. The story never leaves the close surroundings of Highbury and there is no desire to do so. When the party goes to Box Hill, away from Highbury, there is tension and the trip is not enjoyed. It is interesting to note that the three characters that come into Highbury, are those which have the potential to ruinRead MoreJane Austens Emma Essay1958 Words   |  8 PagesChantal Fauconier This essay shall explore Jane Austen’s novel, Emma. Jane Austen’s writings were greatly influenced by the society she came from. She grew up in the Victorian era whereby the status of women was very limited. Women could not vote, they received inferior education to their male counterparts and were limited to domestic occupations (Williams in Marshall Williams 2002:5). This is the context in which Emma was written. Emma highlights the idea that women have only two goodRead MoreEssay on Jane Austens Emma1813 Words   |  8 PagesJane Austens Emma Beautiful dresses, passionate romances, elegant parties, a general state of leisure and happiness – these are only a few of the idealistic views of the nineteenth century. In her novel, Emma, Jane Austen paints a much more realistic picture of the ins and outs of high society in England of the 1800’s. Through the presumptions and pride of the characters of heroine, Emma Woodhouse, and secondary character, Mrs. Elton, Austen presents a stark critique of the social assumptionsRead MoreEssay Feminism and Jane Austens Emma1151 Words   |  5 Pagesfeminist in social status was not popular by that time, author can only through literature to express her thought and discontented about society. Jane Austen’s Emma advocates a concept about the equality of men and women. Also satirizes women would depend on marriage in exchange to make a living or money in that era. By the effect of society bourgeois, Emma has little self-arrogant. She is a middle class that everyone co uld admire, â€Å"Young, pretty, rich and clever†, she has whatever she needs. She disdainsRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Emma in Jane Austens quot;Emmaquot; Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages `Emma was written by Jane Austen in 1816. In all her novels, she is primarily a moral writer, striving to establish criteria of sound judgement and right conduct in human life. In Emma she presents her lesson so astutely and so dramatically, with such a minimum of exposition, that she places extreme demands upon the readers perceptiveness. Emma was her fourth novel. Lord David Cecil described it as `Jane Austens profoundest comedy. It has frequently been applauded for its `engaging, dearRead More Views of Marriage in Jane Austens Emma Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesViews of Marriage in Jane Austens Emma The dominant theme that constantly runs through this novel is that of marriage. All of the important activities of the novel are focused around various attempts from Emma, to arrange them, prevent them, or hinder them; this idea is empathized in both chapter 1, where Emma replies in discussion to Miss Taylors marriage I made up my mind on the subject. I planned the match from that hour, and in chapter 7 when Emma is told by Harriet of Mr MartinsRead MoreJane Austens Emma - Character Analysis of Protagonist1656 Words   |  7 PagesEmma Woodhouse: Awake or Dreaming? A dream. A world where ideas run wild and imagination is the primary mode of thought. Reality is a faraway distance. Eventually, the dream comes to an end as reality creeps into sleep and the fantasy finishes. The story of Jane Austen’s Emma is one of a similar account. Emma Woodhouse, the main character, has an active imagination that causes her to loose sight of reality like getting lost in dreaming. Her imagination and â€Å"disposition to think a little too wellRead MoreJane Austens Emma - Character Analysis of Protagonist1665 Words   |  7 PagesEmma Woodhouse: Awake or Dreaming? A dream. A world where ideas run wild and imagination is the primary mode of thought. Reality is a faraway distance. Eventually, the dream comes to an end as reality creeps into sleep and the fantasy finishes. The story of Jane Austen’s Emma is one of a similar account. Emma Woodhouse, the main character, has an active imagination that causes her to loose sight of reality like getting lost in dreaming. Her imagination and â€Å"disposition to think a little too wellRead MoreEssay on Hierarchy of Language in Jane Austens Emma6386 Words   |  26 Pages Jane Austen writes social novels. Her societies are microcosms of relative stability in a rapidly changing world. Within these restricted realms, class structure is rigid; however, members of this society participate in one common activity: discourse. Due to the vagaries and incompetencies among the characters, not all conversations in Emma conform to the ideals of communication, and in fact, contribute to the promulgation of t he central conflict. Henry Fielding proposed in his Miscellanies, thatRead More Societal Authority in Jane Austens Emma Essay2054 Words   |  9 Pagesthan in Jane Austen’s Emma. In Emma, Austen uses narrative style, characterization, and the plot device of word games to illustrate the ever-present power of hierarchical control. Emmas plot seemingly hovers around the superficial theme of strategic matchmaking. But while this is an important aspect of Emma, it serves primarily as a catalyst to illustrate the much bigger idea of societal authority present in the novel. Word games play a huge role in the plot development of Emma. . . . Emma is itself

Human Person free essay sample

My personal gains and insights about the human person Ma. Renal C. Bedaubs SST. Paul University Abstract In this module, there were two thoughts regarding what human person is, one that is based on philosophy and the other was from the modern thought. The Atomistic Philosophy focuses in the definition of person as an individual; while the contemporary thought says that a person Is defined In three different scopes, which are as an Individual, person and personality.What personal gains and Insights about the human person did you learn In this module? Defining what a person is and its personality relies on what purpose hes in life, depending on how he lives his life. Based on what I know, my thoughts belong in the contemporary definition of human person. Ones personality is driven by the different combinations of factors that are present in his environment, these factors then will mold the personality of a person and is dependent on how and what form the person accepts these factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Person or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The early twentieth-century American philosopher and early psychologist William James understood the self as the sum of all that one knows oneself to be and self-awareness as a stream. The self has two aspects: an l that experiences continuity and a me that Is rooted In bodily existence and captures the sum total of the perceived world claimed as part of the self. L

Consequences Future Self Social Personality-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Consequences Future Self Social Personality? Answer: Introduction Conflict and negotiation are two integral parts of an organisation that identifies difference in behaviour in different employees. Conflict can be defined as a stage where one employee negatively affects something, which other employee has care for. For example, working for incentives is good with one employee; however, to another, this is nothing but harassment (Hofmann et al., 2012). On the other hand, negotiation can be termed as a process that tries to destroy all the barriers in the way to success and try to dislodge any conflicts in between the two parties (Chen Weiss, 2012). Interestingly, both conflict and negotiation exist there at the workplace but not all the employees have like perspectives on the two terms. Some has conflicting nature while some has reunion nature. Despite all the factual things surrounding it, it is important to understand that conflict resolution is of high importance to a peaceful working environment at the workplace. The main purpose of this assignm ent is to understand the two terms conflict and negotiation. The assignment also covers a reflection on the self-understanding of the two terms with the help of some tools provided in the assessment. Literature review Negotiation and conflict are a part of any platform; however, it is of high importance at the workplace. This is because of the impact, which both the factors can produce on the operational productivity. A conflict can bring dispute within the team members, which is threatening for a successful completion of the project. A project requires teamwork, which is never possible in a conflicting environment. There are different views on conflicts such as traditional view, human relation view and internactionist view (Kowalski Limber, 2013). Different views have their different opinions on the conflicts. Traditional views say to avoid the conflicts. According to them conflicts are not good for an organisational perspective. It is not good either for an educational perspective. They have viewed this as a stopping agent in the way of a progressive trend. On the other hand, the human elation view has seen conflict as a natural phenomenon. According to such beliefs, conflicts are natural and a re expected outcome from a team or any group. According to internactionist views, conflict is extremely necessary in order to perform effectively (Ayoko, Konrad Boyle, 2012). Conflicts are of various types such as task, process and relationships. Task means conflicts for the contents and goals in the task. The level of conflict ranges from lows to moderate level. This is not a very healthy sign for an organisation. This is because it hampers process. The process gets hampered because people builds up this habit in them to ignore such task that are challenging. Consequently, it becomes difficult to the management to allocate this task to an appropriate resource because this is difficult to understand who potential employees are. Relationship is another type of conflict that is a high concern in between the different relations. This gives birth to domestic violence, which is harmful for the family in most times. Sometimes conflicts are required at home to oppose the wrong thing; however, majority of times, it happens for wrong purpose. Another type of conflict is process that governs a scenario where different professionals in organisation clash to each oth er with different perspectives on an assigned project. Such conflicts are advantageous sometimes because it generates the necessary urgency to complete the project; however, at times this is harmful as well because it is a sign of making decision in hurry. Operation related decisions should be made with utmost calm and composed attitude (Fisher, 2016). Negotiation on the other has two bargaining strategies such as distributive bargaining and integrative bargaining. Distributive bargaining refers to such process, which is a win-lose situation to either of the party. It further means that in such negotiation process, one party has to compromise for the others. It is not fruitful as well. This is indeed much difficult to negotiate a conflict by ignoring the importance of one party. There might take place a case where such thing happens; however, probability for such case is very low either. On the other hand, integrative bargaining is a highly advantageous option to get rid of the conflicts in between the two parties. In such negotiation process, two different parties try to come at one platform such as by compromising on each others thought for the sake of other. However, it entirely depends on the surrounding circumstances to understand the best option for negotiating the conflicts. For example, in an organisation, it is indeed advi sable that employees agree on most terms with their organisation in order to maintain a peaceful environment. It is least advised to become rebellion with personal thoughts. However, there are some instances where it is required to be rebellion such as disclosing the salary discrepancy issue. It is indeed much more advisable that at workplace, selection of the most suitable negotiation option is done according to the surrounding scenarios. These factual things are not just limited to workplace only but it is also applicable to all such places where someone is supervising one (DeChurch, Mesmer-Magnus Doty, 2013). Diagnostic tools There are certain tools that can help in negotiating the conflicts. Such tools are Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), Belbin Team Inventory and Johari Window. TKI- TKI is an assessment that takes around fifteen minutes to complete the test. The assessment model believe in a fact that conflict is natural, which is bound to happen because there is no such pair that has same desire and expectations (Atorough Martin, 2012). It further means a conflicting thought is a resource to conflicts. However, according to the TKI things can be improved and can be brought to normality if two people understand each others nature and try to assimilate with each others thoughts. Problem only arises when two people do not realise each others characteristics. If they have enough time to understand each others requirement, there would not be any more conflicts. Belbin Team Inventory- Belbin has identified some roles that according to Belbin are ideal to an effective team performance. Those roles are resource investigator, team worker, co-ordinator, stand, monitor evaluator, professional, shaper, implementer and complete finisher. According to Belbin, these nine roles are required in a team in order to enhance its effectiveness and to prevent this from conflict. However, it also widened the understanding by stating a fact that it is not necessary to have nine people all the time in the team to have all the mentioned roles. Any team member can have two or more than two roles. These roles are mentioned to show the importance of Belbin roles in negotiating approach towards resolving a conflict (Senaratne Gunawardane, 2015). Johari Window- This gives its utmost emphasis on the feedbacks. Johari Model supports the production of feedbacks and on the other hand, it supports the reception of feedbacks. Johari Model is all about giving feedbacks and accepting the others feedbacks. This is a vital challenge at the workplace where people do not easily give any feedbacks and rarely do they accept anybody elses feedbacks. The model encourages in giving and accepting the feedbacks (Saxena, 2015). Reflection The three models such as Johari Model, TKI and Belbin Team Inventory have helped me understand that I am missing on some important characteristics that are necessary to prevent any conflicts. I am very reserved, which makes me disconnected with the other team members. I never bother to give any feedback to them neither do I implement any of their feedbacks on me. Additionally, I am very less connected with co-ordinating terms with my team members. This at times creates conflicts because they build up wrong perceptions of me. They are doing wrong; however, I have unintentionally forced them to do so. I am also not a complete finisher, which makes me depend on others a lot. This is not a very healthy sign because depending on others might attract some conflicts. I might accept more; however, things might not turn according to my thoughts. Development plan The development plan for the two areas of improvement in me would be as follows: Personal analysis- The different models such as Belbin Team Inventory, Johari Window and TKI have made me understood that I need improvement in two areas such as reserving nature and poor co-ordination skills. I am very reserved in nature, which makes things difficult to me to get dissolve with my other team members. Co-ordination is the other challenge that produces a communication gap in between the others and me. This sometimes hampers the project as well because others do not understand what I mean of everything (Parks-Leduc, Feldman Bardi, 2015). Short-term goals- I need to set a short-term goals to rectify the two identified issues in me. The short-term goals would include preparing me for the change. I would start engaging me in different cooperative works such as being a part of social gathering at the workplace. The first stage and the short-term goal would be to be open with all in the team. The other goal would be to start coordinating with other team members. Initially, I might face difficulties; however, things would start working for me. The short-term goals would be to be open and coordinative (Sirois Pychyl, 2013). Long-term goals- This would include working on the feedbacks that my other team members and the supervisors give those to me. This is very necessary to be open for feedbacks according to the Johari Window. I would strongly focus on working on the feedbacks. This includes but is not limited to such as taking help of others on how to implement the feedbacks (Duffy et al., 2015). Specific work schedules- I would dedicate few time on a daily basis to make the identified changes in me. This would include working on the feedbacks while taking help of others on how to implement the feedbacks. This also includes making me engaged with others in the team member in order to make me habituated of coordinating things with the others. Becoming more social and approachable would be another set of improvements in me, which I would try to implement in me in order to be addicted with the solutions advised for bringing the necessary changes (Allen et al., 2013). Corrective actions- This would be required when I fail to execute the plan accordingly. This is very natural that I would fall short in implementing the feedbacks for improving me as more social and coordinative. Necessary actions would include working on the feedbacks. If it does not work then I would consult to my senior in the team to suggest me some ways on how to bring the required changes in me. I would also watch some videos that are extremely designed for personality grooming (Fliscounakis et al., 2013). Conclusion Conflicts and negotiation are the two most effective things found quite frequently at the workplace. Conflicts must be negotiated with help from different resources such as listening to others feedbacks and compromising with others. Conflicts are negotiable if there are utmost resources available for it. There is no better way than to understand each other and respect each others feedbacks. These two are the most effective weapons that would rectify one with utter odd qualities in him or her. Conflicts at times are important to bring in various new ideas; however, it should be mostly disrespected if no benefits are possible with such attempts. Nevertheless, personal development plan is utterly required in order to counter the effect of conflicts and negotiate this with some mutual compromising activities. There is no such better way than to develop the personal behaviour and rectify the personal shortcomings through different ways. Personal development plan in a systematic way is one of such tools that would bring the necessary change in an individual. Personal development plan is a long-term process that would gradually provide fruits on the attempt. It includes learning on mistakes. References Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Kiburz, K. M., Shockley, K. M. (2013). Workfamily conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility.Personnel Psychology,66(2), 345-376. Atorough, P., Martin, A. (2012). The politics of destination marketing: assessing stakeholder interaction choice orientations toward a DMO formation, using the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument.Journal of Place Management and Development,5(1), 35-55. Ayoko, O. B., Konrad, A. M., Boyle, M. V. (2012). Online work: Managing conflict and emotions for performance in virtual teams.European Management Journal,30(2), 156-174. Chen, S., Weiss, G. (2012, August). An efficient and adaptive approach to negotiation in complex environments. InProceedings of the 20th European conference on artificial intelligence(pp. 228-233). IOS Press. DeChurch, L. A., Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., Doty, D. (2013). Moving beyond relationship and task conflict: Toward a process-state perspective. Duffy, R., St John, F. A., Bscher, B., Brockington, D. A. N. (2015). The militarization of anti-poaching: undermining long term goals?.Environmental Conservation,42(4), 345-348. Fisher, R. J. (2016). Third party consultation: A method for the study and resolution of conflict. InRonald J. Fisher: A North American Pioneer in Interactive Conflict Resolution(pp. 37-71). Springer International Publishing. Fliscounakis, S., Panciatici, P., Capitanescu, F., Wehenkel, L. (2013). Contingency ranking with respect to overloads in very large power systems taking into account uncertainty, preventive, and corrective actions.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,nbsLiterature reviewp;28(4), 4909-4917. Hofmann, W., Baumeister, R. F., Frster, G., Vohs, K. D. (2012). Everyday temptations: an experience sampling study of desire, conflict, and self-control.Journal of personality and social psychology,102(6), 1318. Kowalski, R. M., Limber, S. P. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyberbullying and traditional bullying.Journal of Adolescent Health,53(1), S13-S20. Parks-Leduc, L., Feldman, G., Bardi, A. (2015). Personality traits and personal values: A meta-analysis.Personality and Social Psychology Review,19(1), 3-29. Saxena, P. (2015). JOHARI WINDOW: An Effective Model for Improving Interpersonal Communication and Managerial Effectiveness.SIT Journal of Management,5(2), 134-146. Senaratne, S., Gunawardane, S. (2015). Application of team role theory to construction design teams.Architectural Engineering and Design Management,11(1), 1-20. Sirois, F., Pychyl, T. (2013). Procrastination and the priority of short?term mood regulation: Consequences for future self.Social and Personality Psychology Compass,7(2), 115-127

Interview importance

Puritans and John Winthrop

Puritans and John Winthrop Comparing and contrasting theories of Madison WinthropThe political ideologies of John Winthrop and James Madison describe two very different governments in size and structure; however, there are some similarities in the core fundamentals of the early government of the United States and the Puritan colonies with their idea of "The New England Way" of government. Madison and Winthrop alike have a premonition similar to the likes of Plato, Hobbs, Machiavelli and other philosophers and political theorists that is if a man is left alone to his own devices he will inherently choose a self-serving decision based on blind passion rather than an alternative, which would serve the greater good of the community or a preservation of ones self. Puritan theocrats like John Winthrop would attribute society's evil nature or quest for greed to the "original sin" that was committed by Adam, Madison might attribute a similar scenario to a faction seeking to pursue its agenda at the expense, and disre gard of all others.Winthrop, Massachusetts"We must be knit together in this work as one man. We must entertain each other in brotherly affection; we must be willing to abridge ourselves of our superfluities, for the supply of others' necessities; we must uphold a familiar commerce together in all meekness, gentleness, patience and liberality. We must delight each other, make other's conditions our own, rejoice together, morn together, labor and suffer together: always having before our eyes our commission and community in the work, our community as members of the same body."The above passage typifies the design of the puritan community they were alone in a new world and each of their lives and futures were interdependent or intertwined with one another through the grace and glory of god. The fabric of puritan society was woven together through their...

International Financial Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Financial Management - Assignment Example Pertaining to planned investments in South Africa by Neptune, this report outlines the possible threats of local firms’ resistance and how Neptune might respond to them. Finally, the report outlines the effects of currency variation of citing production abroad, if Neptune let sales in South Africa to be in Rand. Effects of the Possibility that the United States will take Action to reduce its Current Account Deficit on Neptune The current account deficit refers to a situation where the total imports into a country exceed the total exports (RupyaGyan, 2013). Reduction of the current account deficit means a reduction in the quantity and value of imports and an increase in the quantity and value of exports. The major aim of this move is to encourage and promote exports while protecting local firms of a country. However, it should be noted that a switch in expenditure from foreign to home goods reduces foreign income (Jones, 2003, p, 641). For instance, For instance, industrial cou ntries sought to reduce their current account deficits by reducing oil imports or increasing their exports to other countries. As exports increase, current account deficit reduces (Siddaiah, 2010, p, 71). The possibility that the United States will take action to reduce its current account deficit will pose various effects on Neptune Plc. ... Effects on Neptune Plc if it continues to Export Water Pumps to the United States If the United States’ government takes action to reduce its current account deficit, then the government’s main objective will be to reduce imports to its country and increase its exports. Most governments use the policy of reduction of the current account deficit to divert the expenditure of consumers away from imports and direct it towards home produced goods. Countries limit imports to reduce current account deficit (Neave, 2009, p, 301).This means that, as United States’ residents turn their attention to home produced water pumps, they will spend more in purchasing American manufactured water pumps and spends less in buying foreign manufactured water pumps that have been exported to the United States. Consequently, the demand for foreign manufactured water pumps, Neptune Plc’s water pumps being among the category is likely to reduce drastically. This is because Neptune Pl c manufactures water pumps in Europe and exports to the United States of America. Consequently, this will lead to a decrease in profits because sales shall have decreased because of that scenario. The possible ways that the United States’ Government can use to reduce the current account deficit include demand-switching policies, foreign goods demand reducing policies and supply side policies (Gillespie, 201, p, 493). The use of tariff levies means that the United States’ Government will impose tax on imports. Definitely, imports’ prices will go up. This is because foreign companies that export goods to the United States, Neptune Plc being one of them, will raise prices of their water pumps to maintain their profit levels. As the prices of

The literature of exile and imaginary homelands in salmon rushdie, Essay

The literature of exile and imaginary homelands in salmon rushdie, bharati mukherjee, and v. s. naipaul - Essay Example es. Salman Rushdie, Bharati Mukherjee, and V.S. Naipaul can all, in different ways, be considered writers in exile. They have all traveled across the sea, all have come to a new, "foreign" land, and each one interacts with the English language as both "a home" for words and an alien tongue. In addition, within these three writers' works, we can see the operations of exile, how the thesethbiographical and linguistic exile of these writers come to be processed and represented, reflected and distorted, and the effect that the concept of exile (that resounds throughout their works) has on the literary and historical contexts that are their new "homes." These novelist's treat exile not simply as a condition of the post-colonial world, but as a central means to understand the self. Rather than labeling them proponents of any post-colonial literature, therefore, we should perhaps call these three novelists the most important artists of a new genre: a literature of exile. Salman Rushdie is an... d Mumbai) on 19 June 1947-the year of Indian independence and the year that acquires so much importance in his most critically acclaimed novel, Midnight's Children (1981). However, while still a child, he moved to England and was schooled at two of the pillars of the British establishment: Rugby and Cambridge. Consequently, his homeland was necessarily doubled, between the Indian subcontinent (where he later lived again, in Pakistan, with his family) and the British Isles to which he returned a second time to work in an advertising agency before beginning his career as a novelist. It is precisely this double identity that informs a great deal of Rushdie's literature-from his first novel, Grimus (1975), to his most recent non-fiction and travel-writing works, such as Step Across the Line: Collected Nonfiction 1992-2002 (2002) and "The East is Blue" (2004). He is able to write about both the culture of his parents and his newly adopted culture from the position of a partial outsider to both, and is able to understand both sides of a sometimes (often violently) opposed set of cultural constructions. This is not to say that Rushdie's writing career has been one in which he feigns a transcendental stance, a distanced style, that sets him above both cultures as an objective and unbiased third party. The case is quite the reverse. His writing is very much "at ground level": it locates itself within the heady back and forth of cultural interchange. Like a geneticist he splices (and inextricably interweaves) a double helix from the quite separate societies of which he has been a part. Rushdie crosses English literary references with Quoranic exegesis and mixes Indian folklore with modern American slang. It is precisely within this interweaving that is born the exciting

Email writing regarding whether or not to join the organization Essay

Email writing regarding whether or not to join the organization regarding Nikes Honduran situation - Essay Example hink that once Nike heard about the conditions of the workers at each of these factories that they should have pulled their contracts from these factories and looked for other places to fulfill their orders without violating the rights of their workers. Furthermore, I do believe that Nike changed their stance when Universities in the United States started to pull licensing contracts from Nike and the potential of losing money became a factor. There really is no way to know for certain whether or not the students, universities, and workers ever received all the information. But after reading a few articles, in my opinion, it looks as a whole no body ever had all the facts. What facts they do have seem to be coming just from the two workers touring the country with the reasoning behind why the two factories closed rather than resolve the situation. And whether or not students should be activists, I do believe that students should try to do something. I do believe that companies should pay attention to them. But at the same time, companies should also have ways to disclose information to their main offices from their factories as to determine whether or not their standards and practices are being followed. I hope my opinions help you on making a decision whether or not we should be involved with USAS. If you have any further questions, you can reach me by phone at 123-456-7890 or by e-mail at 123456789@email.com Yoshikane, Akito. "Honduran Workers Speak Out Against Nikes Labor Violations." In These Times. n.p., April 21, 2009. Web. 26 Sep 2011.

Construction of Investment Portfolio

Construction of Investment Portfolio To: Mr Bernard Riemann From: Investment Manager Date: 28 November 2007 Subject: Construction of Investment Portfolio Overview: The investment portfolio recommended is based on the discussion with you. The key points that emerged from our discussions are as follows: Total investment required to be made is  £1,000,000 The portfolio should include at least 5 equity securities and at least 3 debt securities. Besides these some other investment products may also be included. The portfolio break up should be at a minimum: Equity investments:  £400,000 Investment in Debt securities:  £200,000 Investment in other products:  £350,000 Cash:  £50,000 You do not want to invest in ‘very risky’ investments, but are willing to accept some additional risk if there is adequate compensation in the form of increased returns Investment will be made for a medium to long term. Two months are considered as medium to long term. Investment in the recommended portfolio will be made on 28th November 2007 Your total wealth is approximately  £500,000. This includes: Business:  £3,000,000 Residential Property:  £800,000 Loans to Relatives:  £200,000 Amounts proposed to invest:  £1,000,000 Suggested Portfolio You are advised to adopt a lower risk and a more diversified institutional approach. This will require you to have a portfolio of assets. In general, riskier investments, such as equities provide the best returns over the long term, but they are also most volatile. However, because you are only planning to invest in short to medium term, you will not be much affected by the volatility. Nevertheless, combining different types of investment in a portfolio can help you minimise and variations especially if the securities in your portfolio are non-correlated (i.e. their prices move independently). On the basis of above information and the investing assumptions (Refer appendix A), the most appropriate asset model for you appears to be: Medium Risk Individual securities and investment products You are therefore advised to make your investments in the securities given in the table below: Asset Class Investment Sector Amount ( £) Percentage of Total Equity Securities (FTSE 100) British Airways Airlines 76,260 7.6% Land Sec (R.E.I.T.) Real Estate 94,250 9.4% Barclays Banking 78,600 7.9% Sage Group Technology 77,480 7.7% Morrison Supermarkets Retail 73,255 7.3% Debt Securities and Funds 9% Treasury Loan Bond 2008 Bond 100,000 10% SWIP Defensive Gilt Securities 100,000 10% HSBC Gilt Fixed Interest Inc 150,000 15% New Star UK Property A Acc Property Funds 150,000 15% Cash 100,155 10% Total 1,000,000 100% (Source: Yahoo finance) Rationale for the selection of each security/product (Refer Appendix B) Equity Securities The equity securities are all FTSE 100 securities. These securities belong to five diverse sectors, namely, Airlines, Real Estate, Banking, Retail and a sunrise sector of Technology. These sectors are not correlated thus reduce the portfolio risk. The rationale for selection of these and not other FTSE 100 securities are: British Airways Plc. is the leading airline in the United Kingdom and is one of the biggest in the world. It also has holdings in other airlines, such as the Australian, Qantas, and the Spanish Iberia. In addition the airline has recently signed a partnership with the American Airlines and companies such as Cathay Pacific Airways and Finnair. Therefore, it has bright prospects. Though the price trend in the medium term is bearish volatility has been increasing during last month. The Property sector is represented by Land Securities. Land Securities has a huge amount of real estate all over the UK. It manages a series of properties. The company has played a major role in transforming cities such as Birmingham, Canterbury, Bristol and York by working closely with the city authorities, and with the support of the government. The market is bearish but volatility is increasing. One may make massive profits in the short term. The banking or financial sector is represented in the portfolio by Barclays. Barclays began its operations in the 17th century in London. It is an international bank with 800 global branches. It is a strong entity in 60 international countries, in Europe, the United States, Africa, and Asia. The group remains a very important member of the UK banking community. Even though the Banking sector may have not performed very well in the past, its prospects are good. An investment portfolio should have at least one category of securities from this sector. Though medium term price trend for Barclays is bearish the boom conditions may benefit the portfolio as its volatility has been increasing. Sage group represents the sunrise sector in the portfolio. It is a British company that is considered a leader in management software sector. It has its presence in all major European countries and India, South Africa, Australia, the Middle East, and North America. Sunrise industry presents extremely good prospects. The Morrison Supermarkets Group represents the retail sector in the portfolio. The group specializes in supermarket distribution, offering quality products and increasing diversity. It has purchased Safeway, an owner of more than 500 supermarkets in Great-Britain. Medium term price trend is bullish. This market keeps a relative behaviour greater 16.232 than FTSE 100 INDEX. Volatility has been increasing during last month. It is a good time to make profit in the short term. Debt Securities/Funds 9% Treasury Loan Bond 2008 are Gilt edged bonds issued by the UK Government that will mature in 2008. These bonds offer the investor a fixed interest rate of 9% for a predetermined, set time. These bonds are especially recommended as you require a fixed, predictable income. These bonds also ensure a guaranteed return of capital. Though these securities like shares are prone to fluctuation, they are much more secure. Though the bond has a redemption date (July 2008), it can be sold at any time for the present market price. Investors are not tied down and there are no penalties for selling the stock. Gilts prove to be the best option in times such as the current times when interest rates are high and look likely to fall. Due to a decline in the interest rates the value of the stock will rise and can be sold profitably. SWIP Defensive Gilt Securities and also HSBC Gilt Fixed Interest securities have been included in the portfolio as they will provide a regular income. The investments do not have a minimum or maximum investment period. New Star UK Property is another place where investment should be made. Though in recent times a few large fund holders have got out of UK commercial property funds, for the next one year the fund is expected to give more or less stable returns. As you want a return of  £500 per month, the portfolio requires that  £100,155 should be deposited in the bank. This will carry an interest of 5.75% (at the current rate) and will meet your requirement for  £500 per month for the tuition fee of his niece. Expected returns of the portfolio over the two month investment period The portfolio is expected to give a return of 1.26% in the two months (Refer xls in Appendix C and E). Each month the portfolio will give  £500 per month from the cash deposited in the bank. Risk attached to the portfolio The risk percentage is 0.98% for the entire portfolio (Refer xls in Appendix C). Thus at no point of time investment portfolio will fall below the acceptable value over a two-month period. Total risk of 0.98% indicates how much risk your portfolio will bear over the two month period. This risk is primarily due to high level of expected variance in the share prices of British airways shares and also shares of Morrison Supermarkets. The debt securities and funds have an almost negligible variance and standard deviation. Therefore, this evens out the excessive risk in equity securities. Since, debt securities do not have much risk, the individual equity securities need to be closely monitored for risk. The easiest way is to monitor their beta levels. A beta measures a stocks volatility relative to the market. Stocks with betas of 1 move up or down more or less in along with the market. Stocks with betas of less than 1 tend to be less volatile than the market as a whole. Volatile stocks have betas higher than 1. However, betas too should be examined with care as if the market itself is volatile, then a stock with a beta of 1 or less still could be very risky. In conclusion, you should take the above portfolio as a recommendation. The market may change very fast and therefore needs to be closely monitored. APPENDICES Appendix A: Assumptions for the Report Mr. Riemann does not have any industry preferences It should be 10 asset portfolio The customer would be unhappy if the investment portfolio were to fall more than 10% in value over a two-month period. The customer would expect a monthly return of around 1%. The customer expects at least  £50,000 of the total  £1,000,000 to be retained as cash The economic conditions are defined as: Boom 0.6 normal 0.3 and recession 0.1 For equity securities only use FTSE 100 and 250 and for debt use popular markets. UK Bonds have been preferred. Appendix B: Movement of Equity Securities (Source: Yahoo finance) Appendix C Appendix D: Other Documentary Evidence British Airways Land Securities Barclays (Source: Yahoo finance) Morrison Supermarkets (Source: Yahoo finance) Sage Group (Source: Yahoo finance) Std Lf UK Gilt Rtl Inc SWIP Defensive Gilt A Inc HSBC Gilt Fixed Int Inc (Source: Yahoo finance) New Star UK Property A Acc (Source: Yahoo finance) Appendix E: Calculation of the Return under Boom, Normal Conditions and Recession Return on equity securities Return under normal conditions has been calculated. This is based on the movement of the stock prices. The return on the equity stock will arise from sale of shares at a higher price over the near future. On the basis of the past data the share prices under normal conditions have been estimated two months from November 2007. The % increase in the share prices is taken as the return during normal times. Variance in share prices are thereafter taken into account and the boom and recession values are calculated. Return on debt securities and funds This is based on the three year total return percentage. Two months percentage is worked out and then adjustments are made for variance. Return on 9% Treasury Loan Bond 2008 The bond pays a 9% coupon (divided into two semi-annual payments) and matures in July 2008. The bond has been bought at par. The income 9% per annum on the investment will be there until maturity. Return for 2 months = (9% / 12)*2 =1.5% If an amount less than par were paid for the return would be=Par/purchase price * coupon = running yield References The Financial Times, Markets Equities, accessed from http://www.ft.com/markets/equities Yahoo! Finance, FTSE 100 Companies, accessed from http://uk.finance.yahoo.com/q/bc?s=%5eftset=c= Barclays Financial Planning, Investment Planning, accessed from http://www.barclays.co.uk/financialplanning/investment-planning.html Investment Planning, accessed from http://www.bestinvest.co.uk/planning/portplan/index.htm

Budget Cut Problems Essay -- Education Essays

Budget Cut Problems In the article â€Å"Budget Cuts Multiply Students Debt† Bruce Parsons state that the budget cuts problems are not only in the tuition increase. Parsons argues that because of the budget cuts that it is hard to keep up with class work. He states that the students are to download everything and absorb the cost of printing themselves. Which adds to the cost of being a student. Parsons says that higher education has become more about profit than about learning. In conclusion Parsons states that what many people forget is that everyone is not luck and fortunate as others. Parsons first point was that the budget cut problems were not only in the increase in tuition but in the jobs in our area. In agreeing with Parsons, I believe that the budget cut will decrease our jobs. As a college student who has two more years left in college I am worried about getting the job I want. Right now I am working in a fast food restaurant and I do not plan to be there forever. So I would have to agree with Bruce Parsons that the budget cuts do pose many problems. The next point that Parsons makes is that because of the budget cuts there is a shortage of paper on campus. Students are to download syllabus and absorb the cost of printing themselves. Therefore, raising the cost of being a student. I can’t say that I completely agree with this point. In the couple of years that I have been in college I have never had to print syllabuses off of the Internet. I was always given a copy from my instructor. Another point made by Parson is that higher education has become more about profit instead of learning. I would have to say that I agree with this point. It seems today that all the budget cuts comes in the form of education.... ...ery seldom do you hear a parent encourage a child to be a teacher. Why is that? Because when it comes to cutting the budgets education comes first. Meaning lower pay cuts for teachers. Giving us fewer subjects to choose from. In most cases no arts and humanities. It all seems to go into a vicious circle we need an education to become a doctor or a lawyer. But then there are budget cuts and tuition goes up. Those who can afford the education cost becomes doctors and lawyers while those who better suited for the jobs become the working class that helps pay for these doctors. Other wise any of the less fortunate people have to go into debt to afford a decent tuition. Works Cited: Parsons, Btuce. â€Å"Budget Cuts Multiply Students Debts.† The Trail Blazer Online. 18 February 2004. Morehead State University. 18 February 2004.

Money Can Buy Happiness

Can money buy you happiness? It is a classical debate, sparked by the left-wing communists and religious leaders who suggest that a person can live a full life without the pursuit of money, and instead one must look to a more spiritual existence above the material desires. It is perhaps conceivable in a century gone by where people grew all their food and believed in witches, that a human could forge a fulfilling existence without the need of money to satisfy our desires. However in today’s society money can not only buy happiness, but is a major factor for happiness.Findings by the Institute of Economic Affairs show that happiness levels correlate with the amount of wealth a person accumulates. And, in contrast to popular belief, it does not level off when the assets reach a certain threshold. Money enables us to buy goods and services that we want. When we satisfy these wants we feel fulfilled, happy and pleased because we as humans love getting what we want. Money can give us experiences and opportunities that we would otherwise never be able to have. It can open doors to elite schooling, worldwide trips and making a difference in the world via charity.Money allows us to live a carefree, happy life because we don’t have financial strain. Money makes the world go round because it buys happiness, that’s why we spend hours a day slaving away to earn it. It is the key that unlocks the door to happiness. Humans have material needs and money provides the ability to satisfy these tangible needs and wants. Satisfying the want for a new dress or the need for medicine brings on the psychological state of happiness because we have satisfied those desires.The dress you bought from that exclusive store helps you to be confident and happy and the medicine helps cure a loved one. Have you ever felt left out because you see something you want, but can’t afford it? Perhaps all of your friends have the latest iPhone and you’re stuck with you r parents old embarrassing Nokia brick from 2001 because you can’t afford an iPhone. Money can buy that iPhone and can help you feel included consequently bringing on joy and happiness. Ever gone without the basic necessities, electricity, clothing or water? Money buys them too.It helps improve your standard of living. From luxury items to everyday basics money permits us to experience happiness through consumerism and the act of satisfying our needs and wants. It is the experiences and opportunities that come with money that make you happy. Money pays for the trip that lets you experience a new culture, a new cuisine or helps establish lifelong friendships. It is sometimes the memories in life that you find more happiness in than material goods. The happy memories that money buys. Perhaps you find happiness in charity work.Why devote a few hours of your time when you can enrich someone with the power of money? They then have the opportunity to rebuild their lives from the mo ney you give them and increase their living standards and happiness. Making a donation to charity not only helps others, it can make the giver mentally tougher, physically stronger and more popular, researchers from Harvard University have found out. Elite schooling and university offer endless opportunities for an individual to become an educated, well rounded and valued member of the community.It opens doors to exclusive jobs and bigger bank accounts. Success brings satisfaction and contributes to your overall happiness as life’s doors are always open to you. You are not closed off from potential opportunities that may arise. As we all know elite schooling and university doesn’t come for free, money pays for the education and opportunities that come with it. Without travel, charity and education life would be boring, bland and unfulfilling, money gives us those experiences and prospects that we all look forward to. Money offers a carefree lifestyle.With big banks acc ounts you don’t have to worry about paying rent, mortgages, school fees, health care and life’s other expenses. For someone who does not have a moderate amount of money these are stressful issues they have to deal every time they go to their letterbox. Stress can affect both your body and your mind, people can become exhausted, sick and unable to focus. It is the complete reverse of happiness. For someone who is better off financially bills occupy much less of their time and thus stress is eliminated from their lives.Home life can be miserable and tense when money is scarce. Couples bicker on average 2,455 times a year and of that number issues of money equate to 315 arguments. Money buys security and an un-troubled existence, money relieves financial stress and thus helps increase happiness. If someone was to offer you a million dollars, no strings attached, would you accept it? Chances are you would, and you would be happy about it because money can buy happiness. In life we have the option to live how we want, no one forces us to live a consumerist lifestyle.We choose to. You know there must be a connection to money and happiness. If there weren’t, no one would work for that lucrative promotion, perhaps no one work at all. Why would we spend all our lives pursuing it? For those living in third world countries that may be happy, it is unfortunately because it’s a case of they can’t miss what they’ve never had. Our society has made money a factor of happiness and I don’t hear anyone complaining. If money can’t buy you happiness then you are not spending it right.

How to Conjugate the French Verb Amuser (to Amuse)

How to Conjugate the French Verb Amuser (to Amuse) This promises to be a fun French lesson because we are going to discuss  amuser, which means to amuse. It is a regular verb and that makes it an easy one to conjugate because it follows the rules. Conjugating the French Verb  Amuser Conjugating means that we change the ending of a verb to match the subject as well as the tense. We do this in English as well, though its often not as complicated as in languages like French. However, as you get used to the French conjugations, it becomes easier and easier. Its all a matter of practice. The good news is that  amuser  is a  regular -er verb  and it follows a classic formula as well see in the chart. This means that once you learn to conjugate a few regular verbs that end in -er, you can apply your knowledge to learning new verbs. The chart shows you the various conjugated forms of  amuser.  To use it, use the subject pronoun the I, you, we, etc. or, in French, the  j, tu, nous   and find the appropriate tense. The present, future, imperfect past, and present participle are included for easy reference. For example, to say I amuse, you will say jamuse or to say we amuse, it is nous amusons. Subject Present Future Imperfect j amuse amuserai amusais tu amuses amuseras amusais il amuse amusera amusait nous amusons amuserons amusions vous amusez amuserez amusiez ils amusent amuseront amusaient The Present Participle of  Amuser When you want  amuser  to take on the equivalent to the English -ing ending, you will conjugate it with -ant.  This is the  present participle  and for amuser, that  is amusant. Not only is it a verb, but in the right context,  amusant  can act as an adjective, gerund, or noun as well. Amuser in  Passà © Composà © for Past Tense You can use the imperfect form of  amuser  to express that someone was amused, but a more common way is to use the  passà © composà ©. To do this, you will need to add an auxiliary verb  to the phrase  avoir. You will also use the  past participle  for the verb, which is  amusà ©. What do you do with this information? Quite simply, you put it all together. For example, to say we amused the crowd, you will say nous avons amusà © la foule. The word avons is a conjugate of the verb  avoir. More Conjugations of  Amuser There are other instances in which you will need to conjugate  amuser  to fit the context. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive forms are used in formal writing, so you may not need those. On the other hand, you may need to use the subjunctive and conditional forms of  amuser  to express a mood. The subjunctive is used when the verb is uncertain or subjective. The conditional is used when the verb relies on particular conditions. These will be useful as you become more fluent in French. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j amuse amuserais amusai amusasse tu amuses amuserais amusas amusasses il amuse amuserait amusa amust nous amusions amuserions amusmes amusassions vous amusiez amuseriez amustes amusassiez ils amusent amuseraient amusrent amusassent Were not quite done because you will also want to know the imperative for  amuser. This is used as a short command or request, for instance, Amuse me! When using the imperative, you can skip the subject pronoun and simply use the correct verb form. In the example of Amuse me! you simply say Amusez moi! This implies that You need to amuse me! Its a perfect phrase for when you need a good laugh. Imperative (tu) amuse (nous) amusons (vous) amusez Amuser  With a Preposition Now that you know how to conjugate  amuser, you should consider studying its use with prepositions.  Amuser  Ã‚  is a verb that often requires a preposition to complete its meaning. In this case, its  samuser with an infinitive.

Writing a Process Analysis Essay †Pro-Academic-Writers.com

Writing a Process Analysis Essay Process Analysis Essay Writing: Tips, Structure, Advice Most of you are afraid of analysis essay and everything that comes with it. We must say that any writing process can be exciting, yes even research paper writing. All you need to do is to be familiar with the topic and the entire format. Definition Let’s start of what the process analysis article, also called an expository essay, is. This is a writing process of paper that is aimed to explain the fact or action. Briefly speaking, it is about classic â€Å"How to† topic. All steps and stages of processing should be carefully sequenced in a list. It is a very common process, and if you have written an essay before, you have an advantage already. Contents Contents Definition Process analysis essay writing in stages Process analysis essay tips Contents Introduction Body paragraphs Conclusion Some writing advice Process analysis essay writing in stages So, let’s start with the structure and its developing. The main analysis process flows in few main directions. Like any other paper, this article has three main parts: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. It is not always necessary to start with the Introduction first. Lots of students and their tutors prefer to start the creative process from the Body paragraphs. Anyway, the introductory part should be the opener for the entire essay. It should contain a brief presentation of your topic. That is the reason some people do the Body paragraphs first. It gives them a clearer view on how to write their introduction more relevant. Speaking about the process analysis essay, we must note that an author should also include a list of equipment and tools that are used in the process he is explaining in his essay. As like in argumentative essay resources are vital for this paper. Resources also should be on the list. This part makes an expository essay different from other academic paper types. If any equipment parts or tool are not available in your area, you should mention and explain it in your paper. Besides that, you should list all potential risks for the process if there are any. Just tell your reader what he or she should avoid while recreating the process you are explaining. And here is the Body part. The entire process you are analyzing in your article should go absolutely accurately and in a sequential order. Some stages may require separate processes. For example, if you are talking about how to make pasta, you need to undertake such stages as sauce and presentation. And this point is very tricky. You need to separate all those processes correctly to avoid any confusions and misunderstandings between you and a reader. Process analysis essay tips Here are few words about what you should do in every part of your process essay: Introduction Present your topic to the audience and tell briefly what the entire action all about is. Tell about the relevance of the process you are describing. Come up with your own experience example. Body paragraphs Divide your writing into few main paragraphs. Get each step of your instruction in a different paragraph. All transitions between steps should be slight and logical. Try to make your presentation more descriptive. Conclusion Get your whole content summarized. Do not sequence all those steps once again. Just shoot the main points due to their relevancy. Do the description of the ideal result. Some writing advice A process analysis or expository article is not a tough task to deal with. Of course, some technical instructions would be challenging for you if you are a philosophy student. But we are all familiar with that style, and you just need to keep it in your mind. Just set that specific explanatory tone to your audience, and your task will be perfect. Make your words sound neutral. Read few examples online or just grab an instruction for your mobile phone. No slang and briefings. Use that standard language we all know and don’t use with our friends. If you still have any questions and difficulties with your process analysis essay, our company is 24/7 ready to help you out. Just calm down and let us know about your problems in our order form. .section-promo { padding: 2rem 0 0; background-color: #313545; } .section-promo .p-l-1 { border-left: 1px solid #52c8f5; } .section-promo .section__heading { color: #ffffff; font-size: 36px; font-weight: 700; padding-top: 5rem; } .section-promo .section__text { color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-promo .section__subheading { color: #ffffff; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; } @media (max-width: 991px) { .section-promo .p-l-1 { margin: 2rem 0; } .section-promo .section__images { width: 180px; margin-top: 6rem; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-promo .p-l-1 { padding-left: .7rem !important; padding-right: .7rem !important; padding: 2rem .7rem; border-left: none; margin: 0; background-color: #282a34; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; } .section-promo .section__heading { padding-top: 1rem; font-size: 18px; text-align: center; } .section-promo .section__subheading { text-align: center; font-size: 16px; } .section-promo .section__text { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; } .section-promo .section__images { width: 150px; margin-top: 0; margin: 0 auto; } } .section-contents { position: relative; } .section-contents::before { content: url("/static/img/regular/pro-academic-writers-2pic.png"); position: absolute; width: 338px; height: 148px; right: 0; top: 50%; z-index: -1; } @media (max-width: 1750px) { .section-contents::before { width: 250px; } } @media (max-width: 1566px) { .section-contents::before { display: none; } } .section-contents .section__contents { width: 90%; margin: 4rem 0 2rem 10%; border: 2px dashed #313545; background-color: #f4f4f4; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-pack: distribute; justify-content: space-around; } .section-contents .section__item { -ms-flex-item-align: center; align-self: center; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; background-color: #313545; border-radius: 50%; transform: scale(1.4); position: relative; left: -5rem; } .section-contents .section__title { color: #ffffff; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; transform: scale(0.5); position: relative; top: .5rem; } .section-contents .section__icon svg { width: 88px; height: 88px; transform: scale(0.8); } .section-contents .section__list { display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .section-contents .section__list ul li { color: #313545; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; margin: .3rem 0; } .section-contents .section__heading { color: #242732; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__heading { font-size: 18px; } } .section-contents .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 24px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__text { font-size: 12px; } } @media (max-width: 991px) { .section-contents .section__contents { width: 100%; margin: 4rem 0 2rem 0; } .section-contents .section__item { left: 0; transform: none; margin: 0 1rem; } .section-contents .section__list { width: 50%; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal { margin-left: 0.5rem; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li { font-size: 16px; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-contents .section__item { display: none; } .section-contents .section__contents { -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; padding: 0; } .section-contents .section__head { background-color: #313545; padding: .5rem; color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; margin-top: -0.2rem; margin-left: -.2rem; margin-right: -.2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .section-contents .section__list { width: 100%; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal { margin: 0; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li { font-size: 12px; } .section-contents .section__list ul.list-normal li:first-child { margin-top: 0; } } .section-process { padding: 4rem 0; background-color: #b4eaff; background-image: radial-gradient(circle 950px at center, rgba(180, 234, 255, 0) 0%, #71d5fc 100%); } .section-process .section__heading { color: #313545; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__heading { font-size: 18px; } } .section-process .section__images { position: absolute; width: 489px; height: 550px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__images { display: none; } } .section-process .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-process .section__subheading { position: relative; display: inline-block; color: #313545; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 700; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__subheading { font-size: 16px; } } .section-process .section__subheading::after { content: ''; display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 572px; height: 2px; background-color: #313545; left: 107%; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } .section-process .section__subheading::before { content: ''; display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: #313545; border-radius: 50%; right: -1rem; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } .section-process .section__list ul { margin-left: 0; } .section-process .section__list ul li { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } .section-process .section__list ul li::before { color: #40aa45; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-process .section__list ul li { font-size: 12px; } } .section-seo { background-color: #d8f4ff; padding: 4rem 0; } .section-seo .section__heading { color: #313545; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-seo .section__heading { font-size: 18px; text-align: center; } } .section-seo .section__text { color: #313545; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .section-seo .section__text { font-size: 12px; text-align: center; } }

Worldwide Recycling Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Worldwide Recycling Comparison - Essay Example Initially, it was meant to ensure that glass bottles were returned to the major beverage seller at that time which as Coca-Cola. However, it eventually became a tradition that is used on all containers with so much success. Mannonen (2013) states that currently, Finland recycles almost 100 percent of the refillable glass containers. On average, a single glass bottle can be used up to 34 times. This is higher than any other nation in the world. Plastic bottles are also reused and recycled with the return rates standing at about ninety percent. When the plastic bottles are used in remanufacturing, they not only save raw materials but also energy since smaller quantity will be needed. Aluminum cans are endlessly being reprocessed. The cans are melted and used as raw material for new ones with five percent of energy that could have been used when making them from the original raw materials being saved. The latest inclusion to the system are the glass containers which are taken back for the raw materials. They are used in the making of new bottles, industrial frost and in the manufacture of lightweight concrete. Many foreigners who visit the nation are at times surprised when the see the locals luggage empty bottles and containers to shops. To the locals however, this is part of their day to day lives. When they buy drinks packaged in bottles, the price which they pay includes about ten to forty cent deposit. This deposit is given back to the buyer when they return the empty container to the shop. The payment is done through the reverse vending machine. The success of this system can be seen in the high rates of returns. These return rates have rarely been reached in other counties especially when all three packaging media are involved. The systems is monitored by Palpa whose sole goal is to ensure that the nation conserves its environment by keeping the containers used to package

Are computers making us excessively depend on technology Research Paper

Are computers making us excessively depend on technology - Research Paper Example In a bid to realize this, technology has had to come in handy. Technology has essentially offered the society internet, cellphones, business systems, teaching and learning tools, communication platforms, and entertainment among others (Dumas, 2012). Across these essential provisions of technology, computers count as vital components that enhance technology exploitation. In this respect, people’s lives have become more oriented towards computer use and subsequently excessively dependent on technology. Transport, education, work, entertainment, business, and communication among other computer-technology-based factors have become highly computerized (Sachs, 2011).This has followed the need to take advantage of emerging, new, and advanced technologies. Technology transfer has also gained ground all over world, thereby subjecting diverse societies to technological growth and development and computer use. Globalization, social, economic, and political change, and contemporary industrial revolution also continue to shift the globe towards computerization. This shift can be termed excessive based on the vibrant global technological development. Khosrow-Pour, M. (2002). Issues and Trends of Information Technology Management in Contemporary Organizations: 2002 Information Resources Management Association International Conference, Seattle, Washington, USA, May 19-22, 2002, Volume 1. New York: Idea Group, Inc.

Ipads in schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ipads in schools - Research Paper Example cation is not a bad idea but important because it combines the technology to proper understanding of advanced software tools that gives perfect content and instruction. The Ipads are expensive to purchase and maintain since their breakage rates are high mostly rate at 10% per year and their value depreciates heavy. Most of the students using the devices are not well trained in using them and it is expensive employing information technology staff in schools. Pushing ipads into schools without clear plans leave the teachers jagged about the technology. In the olden days, computers in education were received with great joy but most teachers and the students have been discouraged because of failure in delivery. The use of Ipads in the classroom has increased the rate of laziness by most students because they want to do things in the easier way by application of technology. Most students do not accomplish their assignments in time because of engaging in the online social networking sites spending most of their time chatting. Some students spend most of their time watching bad material online such as spending time on pornographic sites wasting their precious study time. Because of the advanced technology most students take advantage to use Ipads to commit malpractices during the examination time. Some teachers also develop laziness and do not deliver well in class lecturers. They force the student to do intensive research online for the study materials that is quite tiresome and messy showing neglect of duty. Ipads technology in the classroom can be a powerful tool for learning and comprehension. It provides a good experience for the elementary school student engaged in their application. Ipads have some great advantages in classrooms since it help most of the parent in saving the much they spend in purchasing books. Lecturers and parents should not worry about replacing lost and damaged books. Ipads keep the attention of students to technology and sometime increase

Visiting Nurse Health System Essay Example for Free

Visiting Nurse Health System Essay I. Executive Summary Visiting Nurse Health System (VNHS) is experiencing difficulty in quantifying the benefits of their telemonitoring services used to provide care to patients recently discharged from hospitals. While the company believes these services provide real value to the patients, hospitals and insurance companies, VNHS is worried about the ability to provide future investment in the technology given the tenuous healthcare reimbursement environment. To continue to grow its telemonitoring services, VHNS should: †¢ Assess patient specific effectiveness of telemonitors †¢ Quantify the advantage of telemonitoring to insurance companies †¢ Reduce the technology’s accessibility limitations †¢ Find alternatives to the telemonitoring service †¢ Create and implement a marketing strategy In order to accomplish these goals, we recommend the following: Develop an electronic means of assessing telemonitoring usage and compliance with final clinician approval for removal of telemonitor. †¢ This will increase the effectiveness of telemonitors by eliminating patients who do not use telemonitors effectively. †¢ Automated analysis will be quick and simple. Lobby with FDA and government agencies to pass new act/regulation which forces insurance companies to reimburse for telemonitoring devices †¢ Benefits the entire health care industry and reduces cost at multiple levels. (Insurance companies, patients and hospitals) Create secure website and computer application to compliment Health Buddy. †¢ Gives patients a variety of choices to transmit data †¢ Inexpensive and effective, with no need to upgrade Health Buddy Integrate Health Buddy with alternative technologies †¢ Having options to do telemonitoring via internet, mobile application and voice based automated telephone systems will allow VNHS to keep the cost low. Create a marketing strategy that targets hospitals and insurance companies that do not have a preferred partner status with VNHS. †¢ Acquiring preferred status has a direct correlation to the future success of VNHS †¢ By targeting specific hospitals and insurance companies, the marketing message can be tailored to each individual client. II. Overview Visiting Nurse Health System (VNHS) is an accredited nonprofit home health company located in Atlanta, GA. As a home health company it depends on patient reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance companies to fund a majority of its operations. As the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) moved to a flat fee for reimbursement and also implemented initiatives to reduce the amount of hospital readmissions due to preventable causes, healthcare organizations are under increased pressure to lower costs while also delivering high quality health care. One way VNHS is trying to become more efficient and meet CMS goals is to use telemonitoring devices to assess a patient’s health remotely. By remotely monitoring patients, VNHS can reduce clinician visits to the patient location as well as monitor potentially important health information that can prevent the patient from having to be readmitted to the hospital. The Health Buddy telemonitoring device has the potential to improve patient outcomes while reducing VNHS cost. The downside is that while CMS encourages the use of telemonitors, VNHS does not receive reimbursement from CMS or insurance companies when it purchases telemonitors. With a limited supply of telemonitors and a significant cost associated with each, VNHS must decide if telemonitoring is the most cost effective way to increase patient health outcomes while also keeping its costs low.

The Struggle to Get it All Straight :: Personal Narrative Writing Papers

The Struggle to Get it All Straight I. I first began writing--really writing--sometime around my sophomore year of high school. Since then, I have consistently received high marks and flattering compliments for my work. But I still suffer this insecurity which Judith Guest describes perfectly. She says that after achieving great success in her writing she found that she was "still telling [herself] that [she] wasn't really a writer, but a trickster" (xii). Ah, yes. I know that feeling. Every paper I am asked to write, I fear will be my undoing--that it will be the assignment which proves that I haven't been able to write the whole time, that I'm nothing but crafty. My undergraduate degree carries with it an emphasis in creative writing; for four years I wrote mostly poetry. I didn't know it, but the poetry courses gave me my first introduction to Rhetorical Theory. There I met the generative techniques of Peter Elbow and Natalie Goldberg which make so much sense to me. I appreciated these exercises, which, as Guest notes, "[give] people permission to think the thoughts that come, and to write them down, and make sense of them in any way they wish" (xii). Between the covers of my journal, I took on the premise of Goldberg's book Writing Down the Bones : Learning to write is not a linear process. There is no logical A-to-B-to-C way to become a good writer. One neat truth about writing cannot answer it all. There are many truths. To do writing practice means to deal ultimately with your whole life. (3) Because I understood the idea without understanding the possibilities, these courses didn't change my life--instead they were a reprieve from "real" life, a reprieve from the the standards of "real" academics. Although I enjoyed other English courses, I never felt the freedom that those writing courses offered me--the opportunity to create my own understanding from a personal perspective. Instead I wrote the essays about subject matter, and in the kind of language, I thought those teachers wanted to hear. This contradiction between these two types of English courses was something I accepted without question. Two years ago the issue really opened itself up for me. I had been out of school for a few years and was a little nervous about returning to the world of academic writing. That spring quarter I had three writing courses and an American Literature course.

Environment Analysis for Tata Motors Limited Essay

An analysis of the opportunities and threats posed by the environment results in the identification of the key focus areas for the expansion and growth of the company and also makes the company aware of the potential threats that can go against its growth plans. Opportunities * Globalization and access to innovative technologies: The current scenario of globalization provides access to newer markets and innovative technologies. Many countries provide a fruitful environment for wider market access and expansion of the target customer segment. Joint ventures and mergers and acquisitions are effective routes to enter new market and have access to specialized technologies and manufacturing processes that are core competencies of certain countries. For example, Germany is known for its advanced engineering technology. Tata Motors acquired Land Rover and Jaguar brands which provided the company the opportunity to market cars in the luxury segment. Tata Motors also acquired Daewoo Motor’s commercial vehicle business which expanded Tata Motors’ car market and access to technology * Emerging markets and expansion abroad: Developing countries that have low income earning families i.e. people having low purchasing power can be targeted for selling the cheaper and robust commercial vehicles. This will boost the exports for low cost commercial vehicles. Nano, the poor man’s car has a huge market in the lower income group to cater to, it also gives competition to the motorbike segment where buyers can be attracted to buy a low cost car as compared to a bike * Emerging demand for environment friendly vehicles: There is an increased demand for the environment friendly commercial vehicle alternatives. It increases the existing market segment and provides growth opportunities in this niche segment Threats * High level of competition: There is increased competition for the luxury market in India from foreign companies that have begun to enter the Indian market such as Honda, Toyota, Ford and Mercedes-Benz * Sustainability and environmentalism: Though sustainable and eco-friendly vehicles are high in demand, the increasing price competition among the existing players can prove detrimental for the relatively costlier eco-friendly vehicles. The situation will get further worsened in case environmental regulations are tightened by the government * Down turn of the world economy: As seen in the past few years, financial downturn in the world markets can have negative impact on the demand for the commercial vehicles both in the luxury and the price-sensitive segment. In case a foreign country faces pressure to survive the financial turmoil, the amount of money spent by the residents of that country will decrease leading to a fall in the demand for the commercial vehicles * Increased material costs: Rising prices of materials such as steel and aluminium can increase the cost of production of the vehicles in India. Rising petrol and diesel prices will further increase the cost of the commercial vehicle which will negatively impact the demand for the product Therefore, the Indian commercial vehicle industry is a highly competitive industry that provides immense growth and expansion opportunities but have potential threats that can negatively affect the future growth plans of the Indian commercial vehicle manufacturing companies.

Comic Books As History Essay

Comic books have long been regarded as a genre of literature for the immature and the trivial. The graphic representation of a story at first glance provides a lightweight medium to carry a serious message. The utilization of two types of media, the written word and the graphic portrayal, serves as a conflict of messages, a breach in the unity of form. However, in Joseph Witek’s book entitled Comic Books as History, he provides case points and works where comic books have both the authority as well as the authenticity to suitably serve as a medium for portraying history. Who has the right to speak? When does the gap between art and life become so wide that fiction becomes a blasphemous lie? Witken p.38 These are the questions put forth by Author Joseph Witek in chapters 4 &5 of his Comic Books as History. The first, â€Å"who has the right to speak?† denotes an active search for a medium with authority to portray dark parts of history. And few events could be much darker than the Holocaust. The era of the rise of Hitler and the Nazis and their atrocities to the Jewish people beg the question of how to portray it. The revulsion of providing aesthetic description to an evil event stems from authors’ reticence in taking another people’s suffering as their own. And yet, if the alternative is silence, then future generations will be unable to see a representation of those dark days. If the silence were to endure, then no condemnation, sympathy, no regret, no emotion whatsoever would be imparted to those unaware.   Therefore, as Witek asserts, the alternative to silence is to speak out with a medium that resonates with both the authority to speak, and the authenticity to do so, which he implies in the second question â€Å"When does the gap between art and life become so wide that fiction becomes a blasphemous lie?†. In Art Spiegelman’s autobiographical comic Maus, the subject of the Holocaust and its survivors was taken up. To Witken, Spiegelman’s work is a credible medium to tackle the holocaust because he has the necessary authority and authenticity to do so.   The authority, Witken claims, comes from a â€Å"personal psychological necessity†. Maus for Spiegelman is a kind of therapy, a way to comprehend his own history, both as a person and as a Jew. The comic becomes a way to breach a gap produced by the Holocaust, a distance between the Jews who experienced, and those who did not. This is evident in the portrayal of the interactions between Art and his Father Vladek, most noticeably in the scene showing making of Maus. The interactions show transference of the pain, the pain of the Holocaust to the father, and as a result, shaping the father to a being that brings emotional pain to the son. In a scene in the Prisoner on the Hell Planet, the story of Spiegelman’s mental anguish as a result of his mother is portrayed. Spiegelman feels that the emotion he feels from his parents is caused by their experiences in the holocaust and yet, he is unable to understand how those experiences shaped their person. Thus, in a way, the Maus was written to provide an understanding of knowledge just present at the back of the minds of the generation of Jews after the Holocaust. A generation, who like Spiegelman, won’t be content with just silence. To successfully portray history, the accuracy of the details is not enough to attain authenticity. The inclusion of every emotion felt, and every though, as well as their representation. And it is in this representation that Spiegelman defends his use of animals instead of people. In order to pass through the authentic message, the use of people would inevitably show a false image, but in using animals, Spiegelman portrayed the emotions as they are, not as people show them to be. This is evident in the dialogue of Art trying to draw his wife. The use of animals is limited to just portraying the themes, bestiality, extermination, but the humanity of each character is still there. Another case point in Witek’s book is the American Splendour series of comics made by Harvey Pekar in collaboration with various artists. This series is hailed by Witek as a comic genre separate from others, as it tries to make the reader experience the life and times of the author. This â€Å"autobiographical’ comic book portrays various events in Harvey Pekar’s life, from the exceptional to the more occurring dull moments. The reader sees what Harvey Pekar experiences in various situations, through various styles and viewpoints. The authority of the comic to tell an existing person’s story is exemplified by American Splendor.   Pekar states his reason for the theme of American Splendor by saying I want to write literature that pushes people into their lives rather than helping them escape from them. Most comic books are vehicles for escapism, which I think is unfortunate. I think the so-called average person often exhibits a great deal of heroism in getting through a normal day, and yet the reading public takes this heroism for granted. They’d rather read about Superman than themselves American Splendor does exactly that. It let’s the readers face the reality of Harvey Pekar’s hum drum existence, and in doing so, makes the readers see the parallelism of it with their own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So what right does Harvey Pekar have to exhibit such unbiased realism in comic book form? His authority, as Witek implies is in his persona. Pekar is a full-time employee, and just a part time comic book creator; in essence, he lives the life that his comic books portray. All the vulgarities, emotions, thoughts and experiences found in the comics are essentially his to share.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Witek focuses on Pekar’s use of various forms and styles within the comic to show the authenticity of the work. American Splendor has no underlying consistent narration or view point. The persona may shift from the Harvey talking, and then to his wife reminiscing, and then coming back to a past event shared by both. This, instead of confusing reality with various viewpoints, lets the reader fully grasp the Harvey Pekar experience. Every detail from every role is portrayed accurately just as the author experienced it, thus we may see strips of stories simply heard by Pekar, as well experiences seen from Pekar’s view point, or the viewpoint of others towards Pekar. This adds a dimension of realism that successfully conveys the feeling of experiencing a day in the life of Harvey Pekar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The success of the American Splendor series comes from its realism. We see Harvey Pekar as a person, full of foibles, emotion, errors and triumphs. We see and yet we do not judge, for in seeing those things in him, we also recognize that we as persons are guilty of the exact same reactions. Harvey Pekar does not portray himself, but the experience he has in the run of a normal day. Thus, no overtones of glorification or damnation can be evidently found within the text, for Pekar describes it as it is, without thought for shame, pride and ego. He focuses on the situation, making it, not Harvey Pekar, the real protagonist of his comics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Robert Harvey, the comic book is just the sum of its parts. The unity of form that is achieved when the written word and the visual depiction merges makes the comic an ideal medium for expressing mood and tone. To fully utilize the comic as this medium, all of the graphic elements, the page layout, style, the narrative and composition must meld with the written caption. This in effect highlights the authenticity of the comic in bringing across the message of the author.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Using these elements, we can find key scenes in both Maus and American Splendor which serve to support Witek’s argument of the comic as history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On page 83 of chapter 4 of Maus, we see an example of the effect when the caption fits in perfectly with the visual depiction. Due to the nature of the characterization, the visual element depends on the caption to identify which animal is which. The first words of the page set the whole tone, a somber realization. The following scene further reinforces the message, the interplay showing the noticeable distress of Vladek when he comes home and recounts the news. The boxed captions showing Vladek’s thoughts serves to highlight the underlying tone that it could be him hanging on the streets instead of the people he deals with. The final emphasis comes from the use of shaded lines to color the masses witnessing the hanging, giving them an aura of unimportance due to their impotence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In American Splendor- A Marriage Album, we can see examples that illustrates how the factors mentioned by Harvey colluded to heighten the experience of the reader.The story starts with Pekar seeing his wife Joyce off, then it shifts to a reverie of Herschel/Harvey about the marriage. The scene then shifts to Joyce’s recounting of their then budding relationship, with highlights on the difficulties. Both accounts fuse together in the end, and the final scene shows perfect timing in summarizing the totality of the story, the interplay of how other people see their actions, Joyce’s joy in telling Harvey, and Harvey’s discomfort, which he tries to hide by throwing the box he was loading into the truck.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The two stories justify Witek’s premise of comic as history. The Maus focuses on the interplay of Jewish generations and the gap between the Holocaust and post-holocaust jews. American Splendor on the other hand emphasizes the scenes found in real, normal life, showing a reality as experienced by the author, Harvey Pekar. Both the authors of Maus and American Splendor exhibit the authority to tell their story in the comic medium. And in analyzing the different factors they use in telling the story, we see that they have the authenticity to do so as well. References Witek, J. (1990). Comic Books As History (The Narrative Art of Jack Jackson, Art Spiegelman, and Harvey Pekar).

The Ancient Chinese Chou Dynasty

The Ancient Chinese Chou Dynasty The Chou or Zhou dynasty ruled China from about 1027 to about 221 B.C. It was the longest dynasty in Chinese history and the time when much of ancient Chinese culture developed. The Chou Dynasty followed the second Chinese dynasty, the Shang. Originally pastoralists, the Chou set up a (proto-)feudal social organization based on families with administrative bureaucracy. They also developed a middle class. Although a decentralized tribal system at the beginning, the Zhou became centralized over time. Iron was introduced and Confucianism developed. Also during this long era, Sun Tzu wrote The Art of War, in about 500 B.C. Chinese Philosophers and Religion During the Warring States period within the Chou dynasty, a class of scholars developed, whose members included the great Chinese philosopher Confucius. The Book of Changes was written during the Chou Dynasty. The philosopher Lao Tse was appointed librarian for the historical records of the Chou kings. This period is sometimes referred to as the One Hundred Schools Period. The Chou banned human sacrifice. They saw their success over the Shang as a mandate from heaven. Ancestor worship developed. The Start of the Chou Dynasty Wuwang (Warrior King) was the son of the leader of the Chou (Zhou), who were located on the western border of the Shangs China in what is now Shaanxi province. Wuwang formed a coalition with the leaders of other states to defeat the last, evil ruler of the Shang. They succeeded and Wuwang became the first king of the Chou dynasty (c.1046 to 43 B.C.). Division of the Chou Dynasty Conventionally, the Chou dynasty is divided into the Western or Royal Chou (c.1027 to 771 B.C.) and the Dong or Eastern Chou (c.770 to 221 B.C.) periods. The Dong Zhou itself is subdivided into the Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu) period (c.770 to 476 B.C.), which was named for a book supposedly by Confucius and when iron weapons and farm implements replaced bronze, and the Warring States (Zhanguo) period (c.475 to 221 B.C.). At the start of the Western Chou, the empire of the Chou extended from Shaanxi to the Shandong peninsula and the Beijing area. The first kings of the Chou dynasty gave land to friends and relatives. Like the two previous dynasties, there was a recognized leader who passed power to his descendants. The vassals walled cities, also passed down patriarchally, developed into kingdoms. By the end of the Western Chou, the central government had lost all but nominal power, such as was required for rituals. During the Warring States period, the aristocratic system of warfare changed: peasants fought; there were new weapons, including crossbows, chariots, and iron armor. Developments During the Chou Dynasty During the Chou dynasty in China, ox-drawn plows, iron and iron casting, horseback riding, coinage, multiplication tables, chopsticks, and the crossbow were introduced. Roads, canals, and major irrigation projects were developed. Legalism Legalism developed during the Warring States period. Legalism is a school of philosophy that provided the philosophical background for the first imperial dynasty, the Qin Dynasty. Legalism accepted that humans are flawed and asserted that political institutions should recognize this. Therefore the state should be authoritarian, demanding strict obedience to the leader, and meting out known rewards and punishments. Resources and Further Reading Paul Halsall on the Chinese DynastiesChinese History Zhou DynastyLegalism. (2009). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Retrieved March 25, 2009, from Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online: search.eb.com/eb/article-9047627